What Is TZM Material Equivalent To?

TZM is a molybdenum-based alloy, a commonly used high-temperature alloy among molybdenum-based alloys. Its English name is Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy.

Main Components

• Titanium (Ti): Approximately 0.50% in content. Titanium carbide (TiC) formed by titanium and carbon acts as a dispersed phase, strengthening the alloy.

• Zirconium (Zr): Approximately 0.08% in content. Zirconium carbide (ZrC) formed by zirconium and carbon also acts as a dispersed phase, enhancing the alloy’s strength and hardness.

• Carbon (C): Approximately 0.02% in content. It forms carbides with elements such as titanium and zirconium, strengthening the alloy.

• Molybdenum (Mo): A matrix element, the balance. Molybdenum itself possesses properties such as a high melting point, high strength, and high hardness, providing the fundamental performance foundation for the alloy.

Performance Characteristics

TZM alloy features a high melting point, high strength, high elastic modulus, low linear expansion coefficient, low vapor pressure, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, strong corrosion resistance, and excellent high-temperature mechanical properties.

Main Applications

In the military industry, it is used to manufacture valve bodies and rocket nozzles in torpedo engines. In the metallurgical industry, it can be used as a material for die-casting molds for ferrous and non-ferrous metals and for seamless stainless steel piercing plugs. In the electrical and electronic industry, it is used to manufacture cathodes, grids, and high-voltage rectifier components for electron tubes. In nuclear power equipment, it can be used in radiation shields, support frames, and heat exchangers.

TZM alloy typically has a tensile strength of approximately 870 MPa, a yield strength of approximately 600 MPa, and an elastic modulus of approximately 320 GPa. Specific properties depend on the preparation method and parameters.

TZM alloy is often produced using powder metallurgy, which includes alloy smelting, rotating electrode powder production, powder metallurgy (pressing and sintering), heat treatment, and machining. Powder metallurgy TZM materials have ultrafine grains. Existing methods for regulating the properties of TZM alloys primarily include solid solution strengthening (introducing various alloying elements), grain refinement (mechanical alloying of ductile iron powder), forming control (adjusting technology and process parameters), and particle strengthening (introducing ceramic particles such as TiC, ZrB2, ZrO2, Al2O3, and La2O3). These methods can achieve improvements in both tensile and compressive strength.

During service, TZM alloys exhibit intergranular fracture. Porosity between grains and grain boundaries, as well as weakly bonded interfaces between second-phase particles, serve as sites for crack initiation and propagation. Therefore, defect control and grain boundary strengthening have become important research areas.

With the continuous advancement of TZM alloy preparation technology and the growth of market demand, its application in various major fields will become more extensive, potentially opening up new application scenarios.

Keywords:
TZM,Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy,TZM alloy,powder metallurgy TZM materials